A few common misconceptions. Beauty is only skin-deep. One’’s physical assets and liabilities don’’t count all that much in a managerial career. A woman should always try to look her best. Over the last 30 years, social scientists have conducted more than 1,000 studies of how we react to beautiful and not-so-beautiful people. The virtually unanimous conclusion: Looks do matter, more than most of us realize. The data suggest, for example, that physically attractive individuals are more likely to be treated well by their parents, sought out as friends, and pursued romantically. With the possible exception of women seeking managerial jobs, they are also more likely to be hired, paid well, and promoted. Un-American, you say, unfair and extremely unbelievable Once again, the scientists have caught us mouthing pieties (虔诚) while acting just the contrary. Their typical experiment works something like this. They give each member of a group-college students, perhaps, or teachers or corporate personnel managers a piece of paper relating an individual’’s accomplishments. Attached to the paper is a photograph. While the papers all say exactly the same thing the pictures are different. Some show a strikingly attractive person, some an average-looking character, and some an unusually unattractive human being. Group members are asked to rate the individual on certain attributes, anything from personal warmth to the likelihood that he or she will be promoted. Almost invariably, the better looking the person in the picture, the higher the person is rated. In the phrase, borrowed from Salppho, that the social scientists use to sum up the common perception, what is beautiful is good. In business, however, good looks cut both ways for women, and deeper than for men. A Utah State University professor, who is an authority on the subject, explains: In terms of their careers, the impact of physical attractiveness on males is only modest. But its potential impact on females can be tremendous, making its easier, for example, for the more attractive to get jobs where they are in the public eye. On another note, though, there is enough literature now for us to conclude that attractive women who aspire to managerial positions do not get on as well as women who may be less attractive.
A．attractive women have tremendous potential impact on public jobsB．good-looking women always get the best of everythingC．being attractive is not always an advantage for womenD．attractive women do not do as well as unattractive women in managerial positions
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《蔷薇几度花》第⑥段中“记忆”和“稀奇”分别指什么？
蔷薇几度花
①喜欢那丛蔷薇。
②与我的住处隔了三四十米远，在人家的院墙上，爬着。我把它当做大自然赠予我们的花，每每在阳台上站定，目光稍一落下，便可以饱览它了。这个时节，花开了。起先只是不眼的一两朵，躲在绿叶间，素素妆，淡淡笑。眼尖的我发现了，欢喜地叫起来，呀!蔷薇开花了。我欣赏着它的点点滴滴，日子便成了蔷薇的日子，很有希望很有盼头地朝前过着。
③也顺带着打量从蔷薇花旁走过的人。有些人走得匆忙，有些人走得从容，有些人只是路过，有些人却是天天来去。
④看久了，有一些人，便成了老相识。譬如那个挑糖担的老人。老人着靛青的衣，瘦小，皮肤黑，像从旧画里走 出来的人。他的糖担子，也绝对像幅旧画：担子两头各置一匾子，担头上挂副旧铜锣。老人手持一棒槌，边走边敲，当当，当当当。惹得不少路人循了声音去寻，寻见了，脸上立即浮上笑容来。呀!一声惊呼，原来是卖灶糖的啊。
⑤可不是么!匾子里躺着的，正是灶糖。奶黄的，像一个大大的月亮。久远了啊，它是贫穷年代的甜。那时候，挑糖担的货郎，走村串户，诱惑着孩子们，给他们带来幸福和快乐。只要一听到铜锣响，孩子们立即飞奔进家门，拿了早早备下的破烂儿出来，是些破铜烂铁、废纸旧鞋的，换得掌心一小块的灶糖。伸出舌头，小心舔，那掌上的甜，是一丝一缕把心填满的。
⑥现在，每日午后，老人的糖担儿，都会准时从那丛蔷薇花旁经过。不少人围过去买，男的女的，老的少的，有的人买的是记忆，有的人买的是稀奇———这正宗的手工灶糖，少见了。
⑦便养成了习惯，午饭后，我必跑到阳台上去站着，一半为的是看蔷薇，一半为的是等待老人的铜锣敲响。当当，当当当———好，来了!等待终于落了地。有时，我也会飞奔下楼，循着他的铜锣声追去，买上五块钱的灶糖，回来慢慢吃。
⑧跟他聊天。“老头!”我这样叫他，他不生气，呵呵笑。“你不要跑那么快，
⑨祖上就是做灶糖的。这样的营生，他从十四岁做起，一做就是五十多年。他是天生的残疾———断指，两只手加起来，只有四根半手指头。却因灶糖成了亲，他的女人因喜欢吃他做的灶糖嫁给他的。他们有个女儿，女儿不做灶糖，女儿做裁缝，女儿出嫁了。
⑩“这灶糖啊，就快没了。”老人说，语气里倒不见得有多愁苦。
⑾“以前怎么没见过你呢？”
⑿ “以前我在别处卖的。”
⒀“哦，那是甜了别处的人了。”我这样一说，老人呵呵笑起来，他敲下两块灶糖给我。奶黄的月亮，缺了口。他又敲着铜锣往前去，当当，当当当。敲得人的心，蔷薇花朵般地，开了。
⒁一日，我带了相机去拍蔷薇花。老人的糖担儿，刚好晃晃悠悠地过来了，我要求道：“和这些花儿合个影吧。”老人一愣，笑看我，说：“长这么大，除了拍身份证，还真没拍过照片呢。”他就那么挑着糖担子，站着，他的身后，满墙的花骨朵儿在欢笑。我拍好照，给他看相机屏幕上的他和蔷薇花。他看一眼，笑了。又举起手上的棒槌，当当，当当当，这样敲着，慢慢走远了。我和一墙头的蔷薇花，目送着他。我想起南朝柳恽的《咏蔷薇》来：“不摇香已乱，无风花自飞。”诗里的蔷薇花，我自轻盈我自香，随性自然，不奢望，不强求。人生最好的状态，也当如此吧。
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