Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questionsor unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.
Living in an urban area with green spaces has a long-lasting positive impact on people'smental well-being, a study has suggested. UK researchers found moving to a green space hada sustained positive effect, unlike pay rises or promotions, which only provided a short-termboost. Co-author Mathew White, from the University of Exeter, UK, explained that the studyshowed people living in greener urban areas were displaying fewer signs of depression oranxiety. "There could be a number of reasons," he said, "for example, people do many thingsto make themselves happier: they strive for promotion or pay rises, or they get married. Butthe trouble with those things is that within six months to a year, people are back to theiroriginal baseline levels of well-being. So, these things are not sustainable; they don't make ushappy in the long term. We found that for some lottery (彩票) winners who had won more than￡500,000 the positive effect was definitely there, but after six months to a year, they wereback to the baseline."
Dr. White said his team wanted to see whether living in greener urban areas had a lastingpositive effect on people's sense of well-being or whether the effect also disappeared after aperiod of time. To do this, the team used data from the British Household Panel Surveycompiled by the University of Essex.
Explaining what the data revealed, he said: "What you see is that even after three years, mental health is still better, which is unlike many other things that we think will make ushappy." He observed that people living in green spaces were less stressed, and less stressedpeople made more sensible decisions and communicated better.
With a growing body of evidence establishing a link between urban green spaces and apositive impact on human well-being, Dr. White said, "There's growing interest among publicpolicy officials, but the trouble is who funds it. What we really need at a policy level is to decidewhere the money will come from to help support good quality local green spaces."
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