1mol氢气，在压强为1.0×105Pa，温度为20℃时，其体积为V0。今使它经以下两种过程达同一状态： （1）先保持体积不变，加热使其温度升高到80℃，然后令它作等温膨胀，体积变为原体积的2倍。 （2）先使它作等温膨胀至原体积的2倍，然后保持体积不变，加热到80℃。 试分别计算以上两种过程中吸收的热量，气体对外作的功和内能的增量，并作出p-V图。
1mol氢气，在压强为1.0×105Pa，温度为20℃时，其体积为V0。今使它经以下两种过程达同一状态：
（1）先保持体积不变，加热使其温度升高到80℃，然后令它作等温膨胀，体积变为原体积的2倍。
（2）先使它作等温膨胀至原体积的2倍，然后保持体积不变，加热到80℃。
试分别计算以上两种过程中吸收的热量，气体对外作的功和内能的增量，并作出p-V图。
点击查看答案
作文的特殊能力包括：A.审题B.立意C.选材D.结构E.语言表达F.自评修改
作文的特殊能力包括：A.审题B.立意C.选材D.结构E.语言表达F.自评修改
A.审题B.立意C.选材D.结构E.语言表达F.自评修改
B.立意C.选材D.结构E.语言表达F.自评修改
C.选材D.结构E.语言表达F.自评修改
D.结构E.语言表达F.自评修改
E.语言表达F.自评修改
F.自评修改
点击查看答案
《江苏省收费公路管理条例》第26条规定，以下说法正确的是？（）
A.收费公路经营管理者对依法应当交纳而拒交、逃交、少交车辆通行费的车辆，有权要求其补交
B.拒不补交的，有权拒绝其通行。
C.任何单位和个人不得故意堵塞收费道口、强行冲卡、殴打收费公路管理人员
D.任何单位和个人不得破坏、擅自移动收费公路设施或者从事其他扰乱收费公路经营管理秩序的活动。
E.发生前款规定的扰乱收费公路经营管理秩序行为时，收费公路经营管理者应当及时报告交通运输主管部门，由交通运输主管部门依法及时予以处理。
点击查看答案
People do not have secret trolleys at the supermarket, so how can it be a violation of their privacy...The theory of contextual integrity [A] denies people’s legal rights to require complete privacy
A group of computer scientists at Stanford University, led by John. Mitchell, has started to address the problem in a novel way. Instead of relying on rigid (and easily programmable) codes of what is and is not acceptable, Dr. Mitchell and his colleagues Adam Barth and Anupam Datta have turned to a philosophical theory called contextual integrity. This theory acknowledges that people do not require complete privacy. They will happily share information with others as long as certain social norms are met. Only when these norms are contravened--for example, when your psychiatrist tells the personnel department all about your consultation--has your privacy been invaded. The team think contextual integrity can be used to express the conventions and laws surrounding privacy in the formal vernacular of a computer language.
Contextual integrity, which was developed by Helen Nissenbaum of New York University, relies on four classes of variable. These are the context of a flow of information, the capacities in which the individuals sending and receiving the information are acting, the types of information involved, and what she calls the "principle of transmission".
It is the fourth of these variables that describes the basis on which information flows. Someone might, for example, receive information under the terms of a commercial exchange, or because he deserves it, or because someone chose to share it with him, or because it came to him as a legal right, or because he promised to keep it secret. These are all examples of transmission principles.
Dr. Nissenbaum has been working with Mr. Barth to turn these wordy descriptions of the variables of contextual integrity into formal expressions that can be incorporated into computer programs. The tool Mr. Barth is employing to effect this transition is linear temporal logic, a system of mathematical logic that can express detailed constraints on the past and the future.
Linear temporal logic is an established discipline. It is, for example, used to test safety critical systems, such as aeroplane flight controls. The main difference between computer programs based on linear temporal logic and those using other sorts of programming language is that the former describe how the world ought to be, whereas the latter list specific instructions for the computer to carry out in order to achieve a particular end. The former say something like: "If you need milk, you ought eventually to arrive at the shop. "The latter might say: "Check the refrigerator. If there is no milk, get in your car. Start driving. Turn left at the corner. Park. Walk into the shop."
Dr. Mitchell and his team have already written logical formulae that they believe express a number of American privacy laws, including those covering health care, financial institutions and children’s activities online. The principles of transmission can be expressed in logical terms by using concepts such as "previously" and "eventually" as a type of mathematical operator. (They are thus acting as the equivalents of the "plus", "minus", " multiply" and "divide" signs in that more familiar system of logic known as arithmetic.) For example, the Gramm-Leaeh-Bliley act states that "a financial institution may not disclose personal information, unless such financial institution provides or has provided to the consumer a notice. "This is expressed as:
IF send (financial-institution, third-party, personal-information)
THEN PREVIOUSLY send (financial-institution, consumer, notification)
OR EVENTUALLY send (financial-institution, consumer, notification)According to Dr. Nissenbaum, applying contextual integrity to questions of privacy not only results in better handling of those questions, but also helps to pinpoint why new methods of gathering information provoke indignation. In a world where the ability to handle data is rapidly outpacing agreement about how that ability should be used, this alone is surely reason to study it.
点击查看答案
题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
参考答案
十点题库官方参考答案
（由十点题库聘请的专业题库老师提供的解答）
